well thanks for coming out today this is
always I think the best part of what we
can do is talk to everybody that works
here at Johnson Space Center our family
and friends because this is where really
all a major portion of the work is
accomplished for a space shuttle flight
and we are happy to be here to tell you
a little bit about it through our movie
and slides before I do that let me go
ahead and introduce the crew real
briefly am i right is Terry will cut the
pilot Terry is a Marine Corps pilot and
it was from Kentucky and up being the
first Kentucky and to fly in space next
to him is Tom Jones our payload
commander Tom flew on 59 the first fight
of SRL as you know and it was very
valuable member of our crew on this
fight Steve Smith is next to him
steve is ms1 he flew on his first
spaceflight next to Steve is dan burisch
is on his second flight as flew as ms2
our flight engineer and on the end is
Jeff wise off who's also flew is second
flight on the srl too as ms3 and with
that we'll just go ahead and start our
movie and will narrate it as it goes the
shuttle sitting out on the launchpad the
night during the night time as we're
sleeping and getting ready or some of us
were sleeping I guess the blue shift was
up and about they woke the red shift up
about five hours before launch which is
fairly standard we went in to have some
breakfast
when went to a weather briefing and then
immediately went in to get our suits on
of course in the suit room we checked
the suits for pressure integrity there's
Terry again Tom and he's the one in the
orange suit
Steve and Dan and Jeff and of course we
take off from the crew quarters so
fairly standard scene I guess jump on
the Astro van and head out to the pad
where we get onboard about two and a
half hours before launch you'll see in
just a second the water deluge coming
down and the engine starting and this
time starting for good
a little twang and again when the solid
rocket motors ignite you're going out of
town very quickly
it's a beautiful launch it felt great on
board and jump right up to two and a
half G's that our roll maneuver
throttled down and had a very I guess
nominal asset know what failure is any
sort is very nice yes and the expression
we were kicked off the pad as a as an
accurate one there's a pretty
spectacular view of us penetrating a
cloud layer during asset you can see the
reflection off the clouds and the dark
line off to the left there is of course
the shadow from our exhaust plume took
us eight and a half minutes to get to
space
here come the sod rockets being kicked
off the et if you watch carefully you
can see their exhaust tail off and eight
and a half minutes later after liftoff
of course we get rid of the et tank and
we're in space these pictures you can
see the port door going open and it
exposes the cargo bay and the space
radar lab to earth for the first time
and the largest lab side of antennas
visible on the left at Circe XR is the
tilted folded segment up against its
upper right corner and the maps carbon
monoxide pollution sensor is on the
bridge structure at the forward end of
the bay now inside we were activating
ourselves - we got all our cameras out
we had 14 cameras to document the radar
science onboard and the maps pollution
science there was a large lynn Hoff
mapping camera and I'm holding a
Hasselblad telephoto lens we took about
14,000 shots to document the science
onboard
in addition to taking a lot of pictures
we changed out tapes on board which
recorded the data this radar puts out
enough information it's like 45 TV
channels broadcasting at once and by the
end of the flight we had enough data
that could have equivalent to floppy
disks stacked up 15 miles high so it was
quite a quite amount of data that we
brought back one of the recorders uh
failed in flight so we had to change it
out this is the failed recorder getting
ready to be put back under the floor now
the radar need to be pointed while we
were up there in the right direction to
all the the sites on the ground Here I
am typing in one of the 400-plus
maneuvers that it took each shift ended
up doing about eleven thousand
keystrokes this is a view that we didn't
see too often about every 24 hours we
had to point the star trackers which are
located on the nose of the shuttle
towards the stars to align our inertial
measurement units on board and here we
are coasting down traveling southeast
over India the west west coast of India
once we get the radar set up and ready
to go it's ready to start taking data
and the next scene that you're gonna see
is a picture of us passing over the
Sahara Desert as you can see that to the
eye it doesn't look very like there many
features but when you turn the radar on
this is what the radar can see
underneath the ground or ancient
riverbeds and that was part of our study
this was a geological site that we
wouldn't understand the history of how
the Sahara Desert became what it is
today because obviously it's climate in
the past must have been very different
to have these riverbeds underneath now
we were looking into Earth's past
history here in the Sahara but we also
got a chance to see some of the dynamic
geology going on on earth on launch day
the clue chips quarry volcano erupted on
up on Kamchatka and you can see the ash
and smoke plume going up over 50
thousand feet here from this nadir view
you can even make out the lava flows
going down the snow-covered sides of the
volcano and that ash plume was blown by
the jet stream well out to the east
several hundred miles downstream and the
the site of this plume blowing downwind
was really amazing each day when we came
up over the horizon and saw this plume
waiting for us over Kamchatka and
volcanoes were an important part of our
studies onboard we're looking at
fifteen dangerous ones around the world
that in danger of populated areas after
a snowfall food chefs coy was almost
pristine again you couldn't even tell
that it had erupted but in our rate
radar data here you can see in this
false color image the ash colored in red
on the mountain slopes the lime-green
lava flow that was freshly generated
during our flight coming down sloped
towards the Kamchatka River Valley and I
had actually brought up a small volcanic
rock on board to give a little talk
about our volcanic studies and we hoped
by unraveling the past eruptive
histories of these mountains to tell you
about the future hazards of them we
worked 24 hours around the clock up
there and this is two out of the three
people on the blue shift with Tom on the
Left myself on the right and Steve Smith
is the one out of that picture here we
are coming over Australia it was clear
although several fires and we would
point out these fires and indicate when
there were fires so the maps instrument
could correlate that to their
measurements of carbon monoxide that
they were making here we are coming over
the Philippine Islands and this is three
times normal speed so we really don't go
that fast and you can see the
reflections off the water we can
actually see several hundred feet
beneath the surface because of what
these internal waves do to the surface
of the water you can't detect with the
naked eye but you can with the
reflections and yet continue the blue
team's explanation of what we saw here
welcomes you to the rooftop of the world
that's what this areas call this is
Tibet even the valleys in this area are
fifteen to twenty thousand feet above
sea level this was one of the beautiful
sites we saw the blue team saw the earth
lit from Europe all the way through New
Zealand this was always one of our
personal favourites to see the beautiful
iceberg colored Lakes up in the Tibetan
Highlands and you see off in the
distance there is the Himalayas and past
that is India as Tom said we took 14,000
pictures have kept us very busy it was
often a competition to get to any
certain window this is Dan looking out
the commander's window we were rolled
slightly so the commander's window
looked at earth it was always nice to be
able to pass the cameras so easily
we always had time for a little bit of
fun as we prepared our meals here this
is a way
our meals were packed this is me
bringing up the lunch tray here and
showing Tom and Dan what they could have
we often ate on the fly for lunch
very quickly we did have more time for
dinner before we went to sleep we often
went down downstairs which we call the
mid-deck that's Dan eating dinner on the
ceiling that me on the left and Tom
doing a last minute film change before
we went to sleep everybody knows that
Mike Baker is so cool calm and collect
it's really hard to spin them up so this
is the only way I've found on-orbit to
do it behind us there you see the sleep
bunks that we used I couldn't quite get
into it the same way that I learned as I
was growing up and takes a while to
practice to do it without banging your
head too much but it was nice to have
those and well even though the shuttle
was designed to be autonomous you never
can quite escape the ground nor would we
want to this is how we started every
shift and we'd get a new attitude
timeline science timeline up from the
ground and has changes to the flight
plan like Dan said earlier we had over
400 maneuvers we had to manually type in
and that equated to over 22,000
keystrokes
every night pass which was half our time
up there we would spend going over the
flight plan seeing what secondary
activities we had to do and also
reviewing the our onboard maps to study
what land sites were going to pass over
this upcoming scene you'll be able to
tell that this is a California past
because you can watch our commander get
ready to take pictures of his home state
they say getting fairly excited here cuz
we're getting ready to go over
California this is San Francisco Bay
Area San Jose see the Sacramento area
here the Central Valley of California
down here at the very bottom of the
screen is Monterey Bay and right in here
somewhere is Fresno and L'Amour's where
I'm from the top you can see the
snow-capped Sierra Nevada mountains and
then pretty soon here you'll see this V
is the San Andreas Fault and the Garlock
fault that come together right here and
right in there is Edward's lake bed and
then you'll be able see Los Angeles and
jpo it was right in this area San Diego
right there at the top of the screen is
a Salton Sea and this light brown area
see in there is a large plankton bloom a
large awkward agricultural area in the
Colorado River Basin and the Colorado
River Delta that opens up into Baja and
of course on the bottom of the screen is
the Baja California and then you can see
as we look back over the past that we
just made you can see by extending off
into the north this is the Chesapeake
Bay area you can see Baltimore up here
in Washington's just going off the
screen there
here's Potomac coming up to the
Washington area this area is very
important because it acts as a nursery
for fish and one of our prime sites was
to study the Gulf Stream just off of the
shore of Eastern Virginia and as we
passed down here you can now see Norfolk
Virginia my hometown and our mouth sound
and down here is Cape Hatteras and of
course Kitty Hawk where the great
adventure started is just down there so
this is a nice view looking south going
off the coast and just off the coast you
would be the Gulf Stream area which we
would study and Sun glint with our
cameras this is a picture of a South
America looking north along the Andes
this particular area here is what we
used is kind of our visual aid and
helping locate where we were Coquimbo
Chile is right in that bite along the
coast and as you cross over the Andes
here it almost looks very
three-dimensional there were a number of
mountains and volcanoes that were of
interest as geology sites primary
pellets we also had several experiments
in the crew cabin here I am setting up a
100-pound chair which is very easy to
manipulate in space for ahead and I move
an experiment here terry has a laser
mounted to his head and he and I both
did this experiment where we moved the
laser to follow a target that was on the
forward bulkhead and again it was to to
judge how well our eyes were working
with our head movements and we actually
saw some degradation during space that's
the target on the forward bulkhead we
also had to do daily maintenance to
clean out filters anything that's loose
flying within the shuttle actually ends
up on these filters
they draw the air to them that's the
commercial protein crystal growth
experiment growing crystals of an
anti-cancer drug so we just use great
tape to clean all those filters every
day well here I am caught again playing
with my food actually if you'll watch
this you'll see some pretty interesting
fluid dynamics and of course what I'm
trying to do is keep that tropical punch
off my shirt success here's an exercise
period baeksan Jeff if you look
carefully you'll notice that baek's is
the only one with an ergometer and
here's Jeff with a model of the Starship
Enterprise and also Molly's shuttle he
took these up there because he knew that
was the only thing baek's and I work is
gonna let him fly here's Terry and I
coming up to the flight deck to get
ready to do one of the 14 trim burns
that we did for the interferometry data
takes towards the end of the mission Dan
put together a nice procedure along with
the help of the photos to get these
burns turned down to an unprecedented
accuracy of about 0.05 feet per second
for the Delta V goes and we were able to
successfully perform those burns and get
the orbiter to within 200 feet of where
it was the day before and also within
200 feet of where the endeavour was in
April on the first flight of srl it's
pretty a remarkable feat I think this is
an example of what the acceleration of
the plus X Jets will do to the folks on
the mid-deck we put together the images
from last April in October over Long
Valley California an old volcanic crater
in California to make this
three-dimensional topographic map the
whole objective of this interferometry
experiment and this this is digital
topography made from the radar without
any contour elevations from the ground
now the radar was cooking throughout the
whole 10 or 11 days of science but
eventually we started to run out of film
here it is piling up exposed in our
storage bags on board
and when we ran down out of film
the radar was also running down its
investigations there's Mike and Jeff
wave and goodbye from the crew cabin and
while the Sun was setting on SRL 2 we
were also getting ourselves set up to
come back for entry day hopefully to
Florida but we wound up in California as
you can see we've turned our orbiting
laboratory into a reentry vehicle and
also an airplane Jeff on the right there
there's a shot towards baixo you see out
the window the glow the atmosphere as we
start to re-enter and the hot plasma
gases as they come over the orbiter
periodically meet at overhead and cause
bright flashes there's looking over at
Terry's shoulder on the right hand side
the pilot and see the sunset there and
there it's baek's flying at this point
now we take over manually at about
50,000 feet overhead the runway and
flight around the heading line of cone
and here you see us turning on the final
just prior to doing our subsonic DTO our
flight test there's a little wing rock
which is about all the motion that you
see out of the aileron doublet in yaw
doublet that we did coming down 18
degree glide path at 300 knots at 2,000
feet we performed the pre flare to
reduce our glide path to about one and a
half degrees 300 feet Terry put the gear
down and we crossed the threshold at
about 235 knots and 35 feet looking for
a touchdown about 200 we touched down at
195 about one foot per second on the
sync rate and we were also doing the
drag chute flight test so we put the
chute out immediately on main gear
touchdown
and a lot of to fully deploy and from
touchdown to the start of the rotation
was about 15 knots started the D
rotation got the nose on the ground
about 130 knots and started braking
about 80 knots and at 60 knots you'll
see in a second we'll jettison the chute
and came to a stop about 12,000 feet
down the runway with 3,000 feet
remaining it's a great flying machine it
was a joy to fly on this mission to
Planet Earth
and it was landing was a nice ending to
a successful mission
thank you we have we now have a set of
slides to show you and I guess time you
can start off srl too and you're
probably familiar somewhat with it
already from last spring's flight the
large flat array of antennas is from the
Circe element built by JPL a synthetic
aperture radar that includes both C and
L ban wavelengths the set tilting
motorized portion up here is the expan
antenna built by the German and Italian
space agencies and both of these
operated in concert at three different
wavelengths to scan the Earth's
environment at the surface and looking
at the atmosphere forward was the Maps
experiment on its fourth space flight
aboard the shuttle measurement of air
pollution from satellites which was
designed to track sources and transport
of carbon monoxide around the planet it
tells us about the carbon cycle and the
input of trace gases that might be
important to global warming and Langley
Research Center built this experiment
and it operated very successfully next
now inside while the instruments were
doing their tasks under ground command
the crew was operating all its cameras
full-time during the daylight passes and
here's Terry with all four of our
Hasselblad cameras each of which had a
lens of a different focal length or film
type and here's the large lynn hoffman
camera we had two of those that were
locked into our bracket pointing where
the radar was so in many cases when we
didn't have field teams on the Earth's
surface documenting the truth of the
radars data we had the cameras on board
providing that ground truth to the
science teams so we were an important
source of correlative or documentary
information for the science to prove
that the radar was giving accurate data
to the scientists well as Tom mentioned
one of the important jobs we had was to
try to document what the radar was
looking at this is myself and one of the
eff overhead windows getting ready to
use two of our Hasselblad cameras just
to give you a feel as we go through
these slides of kind of what you're
looking at this camera here with the
hundred millimeter lens two
they had a field of view of about 66
nautical miles so when you see some of
those you'll get an idea of the scale
whereas this lens here with the 250
millimeter would zoom in to about a 26
nautical mile radius that you're looking
at and so we use these these cameras as
well as a wider angle camera to document
most of the photographs we also as Tom
mentioned had a Lin HOF camera which
allowed us to get some wider format
pictures as well next slide please
well of course you've got to show your
hometown this is Norfolk Virginia one
reason for showing it is appears Langley
which was the sponsor of the Maps
instrument which worked superbly off
through the flight monitoring the carbon
monoxide around the world right here you
can see the ship piers along the Norfolk
Naval Base and as you come in here you
go up to the James River this is the
Elizabeth River that comes down to
downtown Norfolk and then the Lafayette
River scoots off to the side here if you
go on out into the Chesapeake Bay area
you round this corner which is Cape Anne
where you'll go out along the Virginia
Beach area and out of course to one of
our super sites that I mentioned earlier
which is the Gulf Stream and you could
actually see the boundary of the Gulf
Stream and the Sun glint because there's
a difference in the texture of the water
that you can see with the sun shining on
it next slide please well this is a view
of the northern part of the Chesapeake
Bay area you can see of course up here
the Baltimore area and as we come down
from the Baltimore area you can see the
napa Louis area right in here which I
was told to mention by my commander and
of course down here was pax river's area
and you have Washington DC up here along
the Potomac and off in the distance here
you can see the Blue Ridge Mountain the
area so this is a really a nice clear
day in Virginia and Maryland area and as
I mentioned earlier this is of course a
very important waterway it's the home of
the delicious blue crabs in the area as
well as a number of fish and it's
important for the marine life in that
area that these wetlands are protected
and we were studying that entire region
with our instruments on board next time
this picture here is of California this
is Mono Lake here and Crowley Lake is a
small lake here and one of our backup
hydrology super sites was the mammoth
mountain area which is right here
Yosemite National Park is in the
background here you saw earlier the
three-dimensional map that
talked about of the long valley area and
that was this ridge that extends along
here what happened was about 750,000
years ago a volcano collapse and created
this depression now one of the prime
science objectives near the end of our
mission was to do it was called
interferometry the way to think about
this is when we took our normal radar
pictures during the early part of the
flight that measures elevation a lot
like a policeman measures how fast your
car's going it bounces radar waves off
the ground and measures the time for the
echo to come back but interferometry
does is it uses the same principles as
those three-dimensional images you see
on your credit cards called Holograms it
actually interferes patterns of several
multiple images and you can use that to
construct a three-dimensional image of
course here the challenges we're trying
to do it on a global scale as opposed to
a small three dimensional image that you
see on your credit card next slide
please
this is actually a three dimensional
this is a topographic map of that same
area this is Crowley Lake the smaller
lake that I showed you and this is the
ridge along here and it's probably a
little hard to see from your seats but
there are topographic lines on this map
that show elevation changes for about
every 50 feet of elevation change along
that surface next slide please well
there were two ways that we could
actually do interferometry on our flight
one was to take images that were taken
from the April flight STS 59 and combine
them with images taken from our flight
the other way and that was how that
previous map was made the other way is
to actually do passes over the same
target within one flight and that's what
we did on the last few days of our
flight is we kept doing repeat orbits
every 24 hours
this shows the data taken with the
l-band part of the radar which is 24
centimeters and this shows a topographic
image taken with the c-band which is 6
centimeters and what you'll notice is
that the color changes are four times as
fast for this one as for that that's
because of the difference of four times
in the wavelengths so these images are
basically the raw interference fringes
taken from this part of the world and
they can be processed into a topographic
map at a later time so we talked about
earlier this is a commander's window
most of the photography that we took in
support of the radar was out the
overhead windows the one Leno if you saw
on the bracket was
the right after window and then the
other window was used with the hip for
handheld Hasselblad or lint off pictures
but the commander's window looked in the
opposite direction then the radar did so
you were able to take other photographic
documentation of other things that our
general her thoughts were tagged Rafi
that's done on any flight so that's kind
of what we did out that window and we
also took pictures of radar sites
depending on whether we had nose forward
our nose after going along our velocity
vector we may see radar sites on a
different path than when we were
actually using the radar to image it
this is just a photo of the tile damage
we received on the right after Alma's
pod and I think that that this was
caused by the tile that came off the
overhead window on launched a shot of
San Francisco Bay we have to point out a
few things here or I guess just start
off with downtown San Francisco and the
Golden Gate Park Golden Gate Bridge down
south was just off the side of San Jose
there's San Francisco International
Airport this island is Alameda right
there's a Naval Air Station in Alameda
and Oakland International Airport is
over here and here's Alcatraz Island and
Angel Island in Sausalito the other
thing that's kind of interesting about
this shot as you can see the San Andreas
Fault that goes up here and extends
across the bay up here this is San
Francisco at night we had very nice
night passes over San Francisco and
unfortunately you know we see most of
the Earth's there 50% of our time
looking at the earth is at night and
it's really a beautiful thing to see and
unfortunately and unfortunately there's
not really good way to show you what it
looks like from Earth it's very
difficult to get good photography at
night but this one turned out ok you can
see the the bridges in the San Francisco
Bay here San Mateo Bridge this is the
Dumbarton bridge and this is downtown
San Francisco with the lights the bright
lights and you
see the Bay Bridge and a little bit of
lights from Treasure Island and you can
see the Golden Gate Bridge across there
this is a shot of the Northwest Canada
are actually south it's just north of
the Washington Idaho border inside of
Canada and it's very typical of the
northwest part of the country and of the
hemisphere and it's just an example of
some of the things that we can see you
can see all these rectangular areas that
you see all throughout the picture are a
clear cutting of logs and timber in the
northwest and it's a very same thing
that we see in Washington in the Oregon
and in the US and the radar is very
valuable if we had a permanent one at
any rate to monitor these areas and see
how they're recovering with their
biomass this is a picture of me and when
baek's was letting me sit in his sea of
course I've got the flight plan in my
hand it was interesting as a first-time
flyer to realize that a day/night cycle
does not define the normal day anymore
and with the flight plan we use thatis
of course the coordinating document for
all our activities including our
secondary experiments and literally the
only thing that defines your day-to-day
existence was that flight plan and the M
et clock this is a picture of Denver and
if you look carefully down here and get
this to work that's the new airport
nicknamed the land of lost luggage this
is Denver and we showed this up here in
the mountains above Denver it's where
the great plains meet the Front Range of
the Rocky Mountains we had a map sight
up there there were 28 of the maps and
maps in this case of course is the
measurement of air pollution from
satellites this is a picture we were
lucky to get usually the light levels
down this far south were too low but
fortunately managed to get it this is
actually the country of Chile and this
is at the southern tip of South America
and what you're looking at here are a
couple of glaciers and I think our TV
people are going to highlight this for
the folks on video here's one of the
glaciers here and
another one right down here if you look
carefully in the water you'll see that
icebergs actually being a flicked off
the inner cavities glaciers into the
water these glaciers also have these
dark streaks Rome and that's boulders
that have been entrained inside the the
glaciers as they move down the mountains
we study glaciers because we think we
can detect movement whether they're
receding or progressing and the we
believe this to be an important
indicator of an global climate change
this is the Panama Canal
this is Panama City and the canal traces
a path right through here notice the
dark vegetation areas on either side of
the canal this is actually portray
protected vegetation or Woodlands and
one of the things we're worried about in
Panama is encroaching development with a
Panama City right here we're worried
that well these are protected forests
right now but if they do develop in
there and they log or harvest this
timber then the heavy rains that they
receive in this area will flood down
into the canal and they'll actually fill
it up with silt and the canal will be
useless it's a perfect example of a
short-sighted miss Sun with a lot of
human activities if you fill up the
canal was silt obviously the country
would lose a lot of its input there in
money and capital also the Smithsonian
has a biological preserve located right
in here which is another reason to
protect this area this is a picture of
the Sahara Desert these are called the
tip earning dunes and it's difficult to
see in this picture but there are a lot
of sand dunes in there and scientists
actually get a lot of information on
wind currents from the direction in the
shape of these dunes and also a state of
previously we imaged a lot of our
targets and sites were in the Sahara
Desert because we're imaging the
subsurface drainage patterns from when
the Sahara was a lot wetter place than
it is now well it's time to tuck the red
team into bed and here's a shot of three
of the four bunks that that we fly banks
bunks are really nice they provide some
sound insulation for us as well as a
place to display some of your banners
some of the better banners come a little
bit
in the flight but anyways these bunks we
did get to take some pictures here these
pictures are kind of unique in that they
were backlit by some slave flashes that
we have several photo TV people that
help us train for taking all these
photos when we appreciate all your hard
work next slide and here's a chart that
was helped us out we need needed a more
detailed map to help us find some of
these radar targets and through the help
of JPL and the flight data file people
here at JSC we developed these charts
and it was kind of like if anybody's
familiar with a triptych when you go on
a on a trip through the US air you can
you can find your orbit and find where
you are well this is what happens when
you put a b-52 pilot in an a6 Bombardier
navigator on the same shift you argue
about where you are but actually I was
just we were trying to point out what
would happen in the next orbit but
anyways it again we worked in two shifts
and this is Tom myself on the on the
blue shift with Steve taking this
picture for us and the charts really
helped us out next why well back to our
most spectacular probably sight that we
saw in the mission the eruption of
Jeff's coy on on the blue shift we were
lucky enough to see this for about the
first four or five days of the mission
this was our morning part of our workday
coming over Kamchatka in northern Asia
so here you see a nice shot of the plume
blowing well out to the east into the
Pacific Ocean pointing out all the ash
and smoke coming from that single
eruption the companion mountains were
also erupting and you'll see that in the
next close-up picture this is Jeff's coy
and full eruption this is the mountain
of Clue Jeff Sukhoi itself the eruptive
vent was on the northeast flank of the
volcano here in the shadow and down to
the south a little bit as bezu me Ani
another volcano that was building a
little lava dome and there was some
steam coming off of that plume is off of
that mountain as well
and this was just a magnificent sight to
watch this plume evolving day to day in
the mission and we turned the radar on
this with some quick replanting
on-the-ground science teams part and
captured some good data about a mountain
actually changes during an eruption next
later in the flight the eruption
eruption calmed down and the actual
outgassing stopped but the mountain
itself here is all covered with that
dark ash that was coming out of the
mountain a few days earlier and then
later as you saw in the film snow
covered the entire scene and made this a
brand-new area again but here's a clue
chefs coy and bezel yani to the south
this dormant volcano up here is called
Shiva Luke another target for the radar
next as Terry mentioned earlier with the
film we do receive messages every
morning on our fax machine this is our
fax machine right here basically I'm
turning the changing the paper out often
when you look at a picture from the
Space Shuttle I encourage you to take
time to kind of look at and see what
else you see in the background and you
can learn something from that you'll
notice I'm wearing two watches most of
us wore two watches so that we could
keep track not only of the mission
elapsed time but also what time it was
back in Houston on my right wrist you've
seen this device also on Dan's left
wrist it's one of our medical
experiments onboard through this little
prism right here it's actually measuring
the light levels that we were exposed to
and recording that with in the silver
box and within the silver box there was
also accelerometers measuring our
activity levels particularly our
activity levels while we're sleeping to
make to measure our quality of our sleep
this experiment was designed basically
to study how well the blue shift who we
actually were working basically from 8
a.m. to 4 p.m. local time how well we
were sleep shifted also on the back
you'll see one of a little yellow
package there that's one of the tasty
cakes that Tom brought from his
philadelphia roots next slide please
as we mentioned in the film we did
change that one of the payload high rate
recorders it was very easy to do we had
thought it would take about two hours
and end up taking us about an hour and a
half Jeff and I had made a specific trip
to the Kennedy Space Center to practice
this in-flight maintenance procedure in
case it occurred and that turned out to
be a very valuable trip it just speaks
volumes for the preparation that we have
before the flight and we'd like to thank
all the folks who helped
in all aspects of training in order to
prepare for the fight next slide please
as I mentioned before the blue team saw
basically from Europe all the way
through New Zealand this is a picture of
Australia the eastern coast just south
of Cape York one of the things that has
been happening in Australia in recent
months is a terrible drought and several
fires have been started by the very few
thunderstorms they do get in lightning
striking the trees so much of Australia
was suffering unfortunately from these
natural fires the other interesting
thing about the fires we saw is that
recall one of our experiments was
measuring carbon monoxide in the
atmosphere that was the measurement of
air pollution from satellites experiment
or maps so every time we saw a fire we
reported that so that the scientists
would know that a producer of Co which
are fires produced Co was at our
location and they were able to analyze
the data and sure enough the data show
that there was higher Co levels here so
fires are a big production producer of
CO in the world then we noted them
wherever we saw them next night please
what we have here in the picture right
here on the left side of the screen for
those of you at home is Mount Pinatubo
so this is the island of Luzon in the
Philippines you'll recall back in June
of 1991 we had a terrible volcanic
eruption in this area displacing many
families and also Clark Air Force Base
the United States installation right
here you can look real close you can see
the runways was displaced in this photo
what you see here just let me orient you
first of all this is what is called
Subic Bay on the west coast of Luzon
this is Manila Bay excuse me right down
here and from military history this is
the Bataan Peninsula you may have heard
of Manila City is right here just
peeking out from underneath these clouds
at the tip of the bay here now if you'll
go back to Pinatubo again the crater is
right here and what you'll notice
interrupting all this nice green and
brown natural color are these very
light-colored floes and what those are
are where mud and ash has been washed
down from the very sleep steep slopes of
Pinatubo and actually destroyed
vegetation and in many cases communities
with this mud flown we call these lahars
now the eruption itself also as we know
had a major climate
packed around the world and of course
displaced many people here if well go to
the next slide now now this are two
images from the space radar lab the
image on the left is from STS 59 the
image on the right is from our flight
STS 68 so about five months have passed
between these two flights first let's
look at one of the images let's look at
the image on the left this is what we
can produce using the radar it basically
it shows the different elevations it see
the different colors here this orange
you see here is actually ash that's come
from the Creator right here and so using
the radar you can get a real-time image
of what is happening in any part of the
world of course it doesn't matter what
the weather is now it also with the
radar you can take an image from one
point in time and compare it with an
image from another point in time and
compare the differences in this case in
this five months and in particular three
weeks before our flight the Philippines
were hit with some very dramatic
monsoons their 1994 monsoon season hit
and that those monsoons carried large
amounts of dirt and ash down these
lahars and 80,000 people were displaced
in that short amount of time by all this
rainfall rainfall and the ensuing mud
flows if you look at this lahar right
here this mud flow right here it's a
fairly thin black line well five months
later you can see how dramatically it's
increased in size so again the radar can
tell you something in real time about
what's going on and then you can compare
to four changes over time next slide
please
well here we are again at the roof of
the world is the tibetan plateau is
called again the dramatic lakes in this
area alternating with the peaks again
the minimum altitude in this area is
usually around 15 or 20,000 feet this is
Jung soo-jung ko is the name of this
Lake also I'd like you to look at the
Rama Rama who try River here and notice
how it meanders through the valley here
it's very interesting ribbon effect
that's visually spectacular I'd also
like to point out that on this tributary
right up here in the upper left-hand
corner of the picture for those of you
at home as a city called Lhasa and it's
the traditional home town for the Dalai
Lama and the Tibetan culture next slide
this is a picture looking from China and
a desert in China called the Taklamakan
that's right here
south all the way to India so in between
the Taklamakan desert here where of
course it's sand and very dry you go
through the Tibetan Plateau here 1520
thousand foot valleys and the peaks get
up in the twenty twenty-five twenty
eight thousand foot area through Kashmir
on the right side of the screen here
some places you've heard about Nepal and
over here is the kingdom of Bhutan all
the way through to India we studied
several sites in this area for
geographical reasons again under the
sand here our potential old river
drainages things like that to look at
another interesting cultural aspect of
this is right along the face of the
mountains here is something called the
Silk Trail and in centuries ago that's
how China shipped things like silk and
spices to the east excuse me to the west
to Europe just along this path right
here and Europe return Goods things like
armor jewels things like that and every
fifty or hundred miles along this silk
trail you'd have a little trading
outpost and that's how things slowly
worked their way across here as a side
benefit to our study because the radar
can look beneath the stands the sand we
might potentially see some kind of
trails here or some evidence of these
stations that were placed along the Silk
trail well here I am looking up at earth
you know you always get the question
what's it look like to look down at our
planet well there is no real up or down
when you're up there and Here I am using
one of the many cameras out out an
overhead window next slide this is a
early morning shot of Moscow we knew if
we were passing over Moscow it must be
early in in the blueshifts time up but I
try to point out some of the things in
the picture I don't know if we can work
on the focus on that shot or not but
right in the center there is a Kremlin
up in this area which several people in
the audience right now have been before
and maybe going in the future
and we have many folks from JSC that are
there right now is Star City where the
Russian cosmonauts trained they actually
there's a complex
not too far from this large runway where
they actually do most of their training
their large International Airport is
right right here this photograph is is
oriented with north at the top this city
of Moscow is interesting this part of
the world people have inhabited for
2,000 years Moscow itself is 750 years
old and this is a home to eight million
people quite a large city next slide
please
this is in China an area called Alice
Shan was a this was a high
desertification site we're interest this
is an area where they actually irrigate
and this is the Yellow River here it's
high highlighted in Sun glint as you can
see we caught the Yellow River in China
it's known as the Hawaiian hoe and
actually we were trying to get several
shots of this area because we were told
that the the Great Wall of China
intersects right about in here and it's
off the bottom of the slide
unfortunately but there's another area
so we're still taking a good hard look
at this shot the Great Wall ran along
the mountain front in an effort to to
keep out them on goal invaders next
slide this is a two hundred and fifty
millimeter shot of the Everest Mount
Everest region the highest point in the
world Mount Everest is right there in
the middle of shot I wish we had some
audio going when we when we went over
Everest because we just just about went
crazy everybody to with about four
cameras in each hand trying to take
pictures the way we find Mount Everest
this shot is looking mostly to the south
there's a irrigation towards the bottom
of the photo which kind of turns into a
V and then we know if you look along the
Eastern V at the end of it is Mount
Everest and that's how we found it there
the elevation of Mount Everest is about
29,000 feet so almost five statute miles
our elevation
was about or almost I guess five
nautical miles our elevation or our
orbit was 150 nautical miles so that's
the closest that we ever got to the
earth right there when we're actually in
orbit the next highest peak is called k2
it's located to the west and it's its
elevation is just over 28,000 feet also
in the Himalayas
there was a hydrology site here called
khumba himalaya that was not too far
away which were interested in as well
next job and after the blue shift is
done of course it's our turn to get into
the bunks and there you see a picture of
part of my family there and as I said
before some of the better banners that
would come out and again you see the
active looms that we had to wear
throughout the flight and it's kind of
funny I've my daughter is 7 weeks old
and I've noticed some of the things that
that a small baby does and one of them
is the reflex and and both Steve and I
had kind of when we were falling asleep
we had some reflexes every so often you
know where you kind of get startled and
so we fit in the beginning of our sleep
period usually kept each other up by
having a reflex and banging the side of
the bunks here and keeping each other up
next one this is a shot of the Aurora
Australis it's a Southern Lights is
really quite incredible to me one of the
most spectacular things that we got to
see on the flight being high inclination
we got far enough south to be able to
see this in the redshift got to see the
lights about on three revs just south of
Australia they're really incredible
things to see you can see the entire at
least on one drive the entire magnetic
pole and you can see point out some more
features here you can see the the
Earth's limb right here the top of the
atmosphere up here and you can see the
lights extending up way above that
in fact on some of the resin we actually
went through or appeared to go through
the the lights
and of course one of my favorite things
to see on orbit or sunsets and sunrises
and you know they occur about every 45
minutes and just fantastic beautiful
blues that you can see here and with
that we'll go ahead and close our little
slide show
you